Uncovering fuzzy community structure in complex networks

There has been an increasing interest in properties of complex networks, such as small-world property, power-law degree distribution, and network transitivity which seem to be common to many real world networks. In this study, a useful community detection method based on non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) technique is presented. Based on a popular modular function, a proper feature matrix from diffusion kernel and NMF algorithm, the presented method can detect an appropriate number of fuzzy communities in which a node may belong to more than one community. The distinguished characteristic of the method is its capability of quantifying how much a node belongs to a community. The quantification provides an absolute membership degree for each node to each community which can be employed to uncover fuzzy community structure. The computational results of the method on artificial and real networks confirm its ability.