Self-channeling of ultrashort laser pulses in materials with anomalous dispersion

The nonlinear dynamics of femtosecond optical pulses propagating in solid media with anomalous group-velocity dispersion (GVD) is investigated. A map fixing the boundaries of collapse or noncollapse regimes for high-power beams versus the relative strength of GVD is first established. Next, from a nonlinear Schrödinger model accounting for higher-order dispersion, self-steepening, and plasma generation, the possibility of producing extended collapse events that promote a long self-guiding is confirmed, in agreement with recent experiments [ K.D. Moll and A.L. Gaeta Opt. Lett. 29 995 (2004)]. Three-dimensional collapsing pulses are shown to propagate by emitting quasiperiodically bursts of temporally compressed light bullets, with durations close to the single cycle limit.