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Phys. Rev. E 71, 021302 (2005) [5 pages]

Objective decomposition of the stress tensor in granular flows

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D. Gao
Ames Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50010, USA

S. Subramaniam* and R. O. Fox
Iowa State University and Ames Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50010, USA

D. K. Hoffman
Ames Laboratory and Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50010, USA

Received 21 April 2004; published 16 February 2005

A model for the stress tensor in granular flows [ Volfson, Tsimring and Aranson Phys. Rev. Lett. 90 254301 (2003)] is correctly generalized to an objective form that is independent of the coordinate system. The objective representation correctly models the isotropic and anisotropic parts of the stress tensor, whereas the original model for stress tensor components is dependent on the coordinate system. This general objective form of the model also relaxes the assumption in the original model that the principal axes of the granular stress tensor be coaxial with that of the “fluid” stress tensor. This generalization expands the applicability of the model to a wider class of granular flows. The objective representation is also useful in analyzing other models based on additive decomposition of the stress tensor in granular flows.

© 2005 The American Physical Society

URL:
http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevE.71.021302
DOI:
10.1103/PhysRevE.71.021302
PACS:
45.70.−n, 46.05.+b

*Corresponding author. Electronic address: shankar@iastate.edu