Phys. Rev. E 64, 022101 (2001) [4 pages]Nonequilibrium steady-state circulation and heat dissipation functionalReceived 24 August 2000; published 19 July 2001 A nonequilibrium steady-state (NESS), different from an equilibrium, is sustained by circular balance rather than detailed balance. The circular fluxes are driven by energy input and heat dissipation, accompanied by a positive entropy production. Based on a Master equation formalism for NESS, we show the circulation is intimately related to the recently studied Gallavotti-Cohen symmetry of heat dissipation functional, which in turn suggests a Boltzmann’s formulalike relation between rate constants and energy in NESS. Expanding this unifying view on NESS to diffusion is discussed. © 2001 The American Physical Society URL:
http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevE.64.022101
DOI:
10.1103/PhysRevE.64.022101
PACS:
05.40.-a, 02.50.-r, 05.70.Ln, 87.10.+e
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