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Phys. Rev. E 61, R3291–R3294 (2000)

Spontaneous symmetry breaking in U(N) invariant ensembles with a soft confinement potential

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M. P. Pato
Nuclear Theory and Elementary Particle Phenomenology Group, Instituto de Fisica, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Caixa Postal 66318, 05315-970 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil

Received 12 August 1999; published in the issue dated April 2000

A solution is provided to the problem of finding the probability distribution of elements of a random matrix in terms of the distribution of eigenvalues and eigenvectors. It is then proved that completely isotropic eigenvectors can become localized when the eigenvalues increase exponentially. This general result confirms the prediction of a spontaneous breaking of the unitary transformation, U(N), invariance of random matrix ensembles, in the limit of extremely soft confinement. An algorithm is implemented to generate eigenvectors with broken symmetry. The theory is then verified numerically.

© 2000 The American Physical Society

URL:
http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevE.61.R3291
DOI:
10.1103/PhysRevE.61.R3291
PACS:
05.45.-a, 05.40.-a, 05.60.Gg, 72.15.Rn